Penegakan Hukum Penyelndupan Minyak Ilegal dari Malaysia Melalui Pulau Sebatik Kalimantan Utara

Abstract

Law enforcement efforts against the illegal smuggling of oil from Malaysia via Sebatik Island, North Kalimantan, face complex challenges stemming from the border's geographical location and the local community's socio-economic conditions. This study employs a normative method with a juridical approach, analyzing legislation, legal doctrine, and enforcement policies; data were gathered through literature reviews, official documents, and field operation reports. The findings indicate that smuggling remains rampant due to the difficulty of monitoring border routes and price disparities that drive the community to utilize the Malaysian market. Law enforcement agencies—including Customs, the Navy (TNI AL), the National Police (Polri), and the Border Security Task Force (Satgas Pamtas)—have successfully thwarted several cases through joint operations, such as the seizure of hundreds of liters of illegal lubricating oil and thousands of bottles of undocumented candlenut oil. However, enforcement is hindered by limited resources, weak inter-agency coordination, and a tendency to rely on administrative and preventive measures rather than firmer, repressive approaches. The study emphasizes that bilateral cooperation between Indonesia and Malaysia is crucial to addressing cross-border smuggling. Recommended forms of cooperation include intelligence sharing, joint patrols, and regulatory harmonization to close legal loopholes exploited by perpetrators. Furthermore, enhancing synergy among law enforcement agencies and fostering active local community involvement are deemed essential for strengthening the effectiveness of surveillance and prevention. Policy recommendations highlight the need for capacity building, integrated coordination mechanisms, and alternative economic programs for border communities to minimize the social impact of curbing smuggling activities.