Journal of Correctional Issues

Penegakan Hukum Penyelndupan Minyak Ilegal dari Malaysia Melalui Pulau Sebatik Kalimantan Utara

crista damora damora — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 23:00:05 +0700

Law enforcement efforts against the illegal smuggling of oil from Malaysia via Sebatik Island, North Kalimantan, face complex challenges stemming from the border's geographical location and the local community's socio-economic conditions. This study employs a normative method with a juridical approach, analyzing legislation, legal doctrine, and enforcement policies; data were gathered through literature reviews, official documents, and field operation reports. The findings indicate that smuggling remains rampant due to the difficulty of monitoring border routes and price disparities that drive the community to utilize the Malaysian market. Law enforcement agencies—including Customs, the Navy (TNI AL), the National Police (Polri), and the Border Security Task Force (Satgas Pamtas)—have successfully thwarted several cases through joint operations, such as the seizure of hundreds of liters of illegal lubricating oil and thousands of bottles of undocumented candlenut oil. However, enforcement is hindered by limited resources, weak inter-agency coordination, and a tendency to rely on administrative and preventive measures rather than firmer, repressive approaches. The study emphasizes that bilateral cooperation between Indonesia and Malaysia is crucial to addressing cross-border smuggling. Recommended forms of cooperation include intelligence sharing, joint patrols, and regulatory harmonization to close legal loopholes exploited by perpetrators. Furthermore, enhancing synergy among law enforcement agencies and fostering active local community involvement are deemed essential for strengthening the effectiveness of surveillance and prevention. Policy recommendations highlight the need for capacity building, integrated coordination mechanisms, and alternative economic programs for border communities to minimize the social impact of curbing smuggling activities.

PEMANFAATAN TANAH TERLANTAR UNTUK MENDUKUNG KEBIJAKAN KETAHANAN PANGAN NASIONAL PASCA BERLAKUNYA PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 48 TAHUN 2025

Aurora Lady Batubara, Noor Tri Hastuti — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 23:01:20 +0700

Land is a strategic agrarian resource for development and food security. However, there remain lands for which state-granted rights exist but which are not cultivated, used, or utilized for their intended purposes—thereby becoming "abandoned land"—contrary to the principle of the social function of land rights (Article 6 of the Basic Agrarian Law) and hindering the optimization of agricultural land. The government issued Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 48 of 2025 concerning the Regulation of Abandoned Areas and Land. This study analyzes the legal framework for abandoned land following the enactment of Government Regulation 48/2025 and examines the optimization of its utilization for national food security, employing a normative-juridical method (utilizing statutory, conceptual, and historical approaches) alongside a qualitative analysis of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The findings indicate that while Government Regulation 48/2025 is more comprehensive, it does not yet explicitly integrate agrarian reform and food security agendas; policy strengthening regarding redistribution and productive utilization is required to enhance food availability and production.

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA TERHADAP PENYALAHGUNAAN DATA PRIBADI MILIK DEBITUR OLEH PIHAK KETIGA DALAM PINJAMAN ONLINE

muhammad rifqi prasetyo — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 23:03:17 +0700

The development of online lending services as part of financial technology (fintech) and the access to financing enjoyed by the public have raised specific legal issues, namely the misuse of borrowers’ personal data by third parties particularly debt collectors who use such data for purposes other than those for which it was collected, thereby causing harm to borrowers. The main objective of this study is to examine the specific characteristics of online loan agreements regarding the use of borrowers’ personal data and to analyze the criminal liability for the misuse of borrowers’ personal data by third parties in online lending practices.

This study falls under the category of normative legal research, utilizing both the statutory approach and the conceptual approach. The legal materials used include primary sources—namely, various laws and regulations related to the protection of personal data, electronic information and transactions, and the provision of online lending services—as well as secondary sources such as books, academic journals, and relevant legal literature. The analysis of these legal materials is conducted deductively through the interpretation of applicable legal norms.

The results of this study indicate that online loan agreements are electronic contracts based on standard form agreements that involve the processing of personal data as part of the identity verification, creditworthiness assessment, and implementation of the loan agreement. The processing of personal data must be carried out based on the data subject's consent, a specific and legitimate purpose, and the principles of personal data protection as stipulated in Law Number 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection. Furthermore, third parties who misuse debtors' personal data may be held criminally liable if their conduct fulfills the elements of a criminal offense, including an unlawful act, the existence of culpability, and compliance with the criminal provisions stipulated in the Personal Data Protection Law, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, and the Indonesian Criminal Code. In addition, online lending providers, as personal data controllers, may also be held liable if they are proven to have failed to adequately protect personal data or have granted third parties access to such data without proper supervision. Therefore, strengthening regulations, supervisory mechanisms, and law enforcement is essential to ensuring legal certainty and providing effective protection of debtors' personal data in the implementation of online lending services.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEMBELI KARYA DIGITAL DALAM TRANSAKSI BERBASIS KONTRAK ELEKTRONIK DI INDONESIA

Rian Rivaldo Santoso, Raden Besse Kartoningrat — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 23:04:49 +0700

The development of information and communication technology in the current industrial revolution has transformed the global commercial landscape, including in Indonesia. Trading activities, which previously relied on physical interactions and the exchange of tangible goods, have now undergone a massive transformation toward practical digitalization. The method used in this research is a statute approach, which involves an in-depth study of relevant laws and regulations to gain the necessary legal understanding. Conclusion of this thesis Digital works transactions in electronic contracts have unique characteristics and are different from conventional transactions, namely intangible, take place electronically, and involve parties who often do not know each other physically, thus placing the buyer in a more vulnerable position. The legal position of the parties in this transaction has basically been recognized and protected by positive Indonesian law, especially through the ITE Law which recognizes the validity of electronic contracts as legally binding agreements like conventional contracts. That default in digital works transactions comes in various forms, ranging from non-delivery of digital works after payment is made, the work sent does not match what was agreed, to the seller who suddenly disappears without a trace after receiving payment, and all forms of default give rise to legal consequences in the form of the buyer's right to demand compensation, cancellation of the contract, or fulfillment of performance as regulated in the Civil Code.

PERTANGGUNG JAWABAN PERGURUAN SILAT KEPADA ANGGOTA PERSAUDARAAN SETIA HATI TERATE SEBAGAI TINDAK PIDANA PENGANIAYAAN

Muhammad Sani Eka Prayoga, Sudahnan Sudahnan — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 23:06:22 +0700

This study discusses the accountability of the silat school to members of the Setia Hati Terate Brotherhood as a criminal act of abuse. Abuse of children is a form of serious violation of children's rights and human values, especially if the act is carried out by members of community organizations, such as the Setia Hati Terate Brotherhood Silat School. This study aims to analyze the role of the silat school in preventing abuse by members which includes the role of the Setia Hati Terate Brotherhood Silat School to prevent criminal acts of abuse within the Setia Hati Terate Brotherhood Silat School. It also discusses the accountability of the silat school to members who commit abuse to the legal standing of the silat school with its members and the form of accountability by the silat school. Normative legal research, also known as library research or document study, focuses primarily on the analysis of written regulations and other legal sources. The methods used in this research include a statute approach. Furthermore, researchers employ a case approach by examining and observing cases related to the legal issue being studied. This study explains the conclusion that the role of the silat school in preventing criminal acts of abuse with the responsibility of the silat school to members who commit abuse where the Silat Perguruan Silat Saudara Setia Hati Terate must instill the values of discipline, courtesy, courage, patriotism, and devotion through integrated pencak silat training, supported by mental guidance from elders, ethical advice, and internal sanctions (reprimands, administrative, revocation of membership) to form confident, independent, and anti-violent members, thereby preventing abuse. Legally, the organization is responsible internally, while criminal/civil members per the Criminal Code and leaders have the potential for vicarious liability for negligence

Inmate Subculture

Audrina Salsabila Rosmaningtyas Arifin, Arsenius Wisnu Aji Patria Perkasa — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 23:11:39 +0700

Lembaga pemasyarakatan di Indonesia telah mengalami perubahan tujuan seiring waktu berjalan. Hal ini mengakibatkan perubahan hukum serta kebijakan seperti mulai terlaksananya berbagai pembinaan. Perubahan ini juga dapat mengakibatkan perubahan subkultur penjara. Subkultur penjara yang diadopsi oleh WBP disebut prisonisasi. Prisonisasi ini memberi berbagai dampak bagi WBP. Karena usia remaja terdampak prisonisasi lebih parah, peneliti ingin mengetahui bagaimana perubahan dampak prisonisasi yang dialami anak binaan di LPKA. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berdasarkan data wawancara, observasi, studi literatur dengan analisis wacana. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa dari empat subjek anak binaan, salah satunya terdampak prisonisasi parah, satu lainnya berpotensi untuk terdampak prisonisasi parah jika ada faktor ajakan teman sebaya dan dua lainnya tidak terdampak prisonisasi. Ditemukan bahwa hierarki dapat muncul saat tamping menyalahgunakan perannya. Hal ini memperkuat kemungkinan bahwa peran adalah elemen baru prisonisasi. Dampak prisonisasi berubah menjadi ketakutan akan kejahatan yang terulang kembali.

PENGANGKATAN DIREKTUR UTAMA BULOG DARI PERWIRA TENTARA NASIONAL INDONESIA BERDASARKAN PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN

Hamka Oryza Nanda, Raden Besse Kartoningrat — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 23:13:05 +0700

The appointment of TNI officers in civilian positions again sparked discussions in the Indonesian constitution, especially when placements were made in State-Owned Enterprises. One example is the inauguration of a TNI officer as President Director of a Bulog public company. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the suitability of the appointment with the applicable legal provisions in accordance with Law No. 3 of 2025 on the military and Law No. 16 of 2025 on State-Owned Enterprises. The research method used in this study is normative legal research with the approach of legislation. This study shows that there is a discrepancy and misalignment between the TNI law and the State-Owned Enterprise Law, especially with regard to restrictions on the placement of TNI soldiers in civilian positions. Although the Bulog public company plays an important role in maintaining national food security, institutionally it remains within the realm of State-Owned Enterprises and cannot be considered a state defense institution under the TNI law. Therefore, the inauguration of TNI officers as President Director of Bulog is not in accordance with the principles of legality, legal certainty, and the principle of civil supremacy.

Dinamika Resiliensi pada Narapidana Perempuan dengan Hukuman Seumur Hidup

Wed, 26 Aug 2026 23:14:30 +0700

Narapidana perempuan yang menjalani hukuman seumur hidup menghadapi tantangan psikologis unik yang menuntut tingkat resiliensi tinggi untuk beradaptasi. Namun, penelitian mengenai dinamika resiliensi pada kelompok spesifik ini, terutama dalam konteks sistem pemasyarakatan di Indonesia, masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi secara mendalam dinamika resiliensi pada narapidana perempuan yang divonis hukuman seumur hidup, dengan mengidentifikasi indikator resiliensi yang muncul serta faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Tiga orang narapidana perempuan yang menjalani hukuman seumur hidup di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Perempuan Klas IIA Malang berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur, observasi partisipasi pasif, dan tes psikologi proyektif. Data dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif dari Miles dan Huberman. Ditemukan tujuh indikator resiliensi utama yang muncul pada partisipan, yaitu: regulasi emosi, kontrol impuls, optimisme, analisis kausal, empati, efikasi diri, dan kemampuan menjangkau masa depan (reaching out). Perkembangan resiliensi para partisipan dipengaruhi oleh interaksi dinamis antara faktor risiko (misalnya, isolasi sosial, krisis kepercayaan, dan kebijakan lapas) dan faktor protektif (misalnya, religiusitas, dukungan sosial, dan pengembangan potensi diri).

EMOTIONAL EXPRESSIONS AND EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCES OF JUVENILE INMATES

Wed, 26 Aug 2026 23:07:59 +0700

Adolescence is a developmental stage characterized by emotional changes, identity exploration, and a strong need for social interaction. Incarceration may disrupt these developmental processes and expose adolescents to significant psychological challenges. This study aimed to explore the emotional expressions and emotional experiences of juvenile inmates during their incarceration. A qualitative study using a descriptive phenomenological approach was conducted with 36 male juvenile inmates. Data were collected through expressive writing activities in which respondents described pleasant and unpleasant experiences, emotional expressions, and emotional experiences during imprisonment. The data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s thematic analysis method. Three main themes emerged from the analysis: (1) forms of emotional expression, including forced smiles, hidden tears, heightened sensitivity, changes in tone of voice, and physiological reactions associated with fear and anxiety; (2) pleasant and unpleasant events, encompassing positive memories of family visits, friendships, and recreational activities, as well as experiences of loneliness, family separation, interpersonal conflict, and uncertainty; and (3) emotional experiences, reflecting a transformative process from fear, stress, anxiety, and loneliness toward self-acceptance, gratitude, and emotional adjustment. The findings suggest that expressive writing provides a meaningful medium for juvenile inmates to explore, understand, and regulate their emotions while facilitating reflection on their life experiences. This study highlights the importance of emotional expression and family support in the psychological adaptation of juvenile inmates. Expressive writing may serve as a practical, low-cost, and accessible psychological rehabilitation strategy that can be integrated into correctional programs to promote emotional well-being and healthy emotional regulation among incarcerated adolescents.

Strategi Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak dalam menyiapkan Re-Integrasi Sosial

Alfian Mahendra — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 23:09:33 +0700

This study aims to analyze the strategies implemented by the LPKA in preparing social reintegration for Children in Conflict with the Law. The study employed a qualitative research method using purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving correctional officers, social workers, ABH, and parents. The findings indicate that the social reintegration strategy is carried out through two main forms of rehabilitation, namely personality development and independence development. Personality development is implemented through counseling services, the provision of non-formal education, and strengthening family relationships. Meanwhile, independence development is conducted through vocational training, creative activities, entrepreneurship programs, and practical skill development such as hydroponic farming, barbering, furniture making training, and traditional dol music training. The study also found that the involvement of partner institutions plays an important role in supporting the rehabilitation process and enhancing children’s social readiness. Overall, the strategies implemented reflect the principles of rehabilitation, child protection, and restorative justice within the juvenile justice system, while also contributing positively to behavioral change, mental preparedness, and the social capabilities of ABH before returning to society.